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后端工程师面试

数据库 · API · 并发 · 系统设计

6 科目后端 / 全栈 / 平台工程师Advanced

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#01

数据库

SQL / NoSQL · 索引 · 事务 · ACID

B-tree vs LSM-tree storageindexing strategies (covering, composite, partial)transaction isolation levelsdeadlock detectionOLTP vs OLAP+2

#02

API 设计

REST · GraphQL · gRPC · 幂等性 · 版本化

REST resource naming conventionsidempotency in POST / PUTpagination strategies (offset vs cursor)GraphQL vs REST trade-offsAPI versioning approaches+2

#03

缓存 & 消息队列

Redis · Memcached · Kafka · RabbitMQ

cache invalidation strategieswrite-through vs write-back vs write-aroundcache stampede mitigationKafka partitions and consumer groupsat-least-once vs exactly-once delivery+2

#04

并发 & 分布式

锁 · 一致性 · 分布式协议

optimistic vs pessimistic lockingCAS (compare and swap)Paxos vs Raft basicseventual consistency patternsdistributed transactions (2PC, Saga)+2

#05

后端系统设计

URL 缩短器 · 推送 · 排行榜 · 抢购

URL shortener designreal-time notificationsleaderboard systemrate limiter designflash sale / inventory consistency+2

#06

行为题

STAR + 工程协作

STAR frameworktough debugging storytrade-off you ownedproduction incident postmortemconvincing reluctant teammate to change approach